Penta Helix-Based Collaborative Governance in Community Empowerment through Urban Farming in Central Jakarta Administrative City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46799/adv.v4i11.721Keywords:
collaborative governance, Penta Helix, urban farming, community empowerment, self-relianceAbstract
The number of urban farming sites in Central Jakarta Administrative City fluctuated between 44 and 68 from 2017 to 2026 despite supportive provincial policies, suggesting that policy support alone was insufficient to ensure program sustainability. This study examined collaborative governance in urban farming through the five dimensions of Ansell and Gash's collaborative governance framework, the roles of Penta Helix stakeholders, and community empowerment based on Suharto's 5P model. It also sought to formulate a conceptual model explaining the mechanisms underlying urban farming sustainability. A qualitative single-case study was conducted from August to September 2026 using semi-structured interviews with Penta Helix stakeholders, field observations, and document analysis, supplemented by secondary data covering 57 hydroponic urban farming sites in 2024. Data were analyzed using the interactive analysis model of Miles et al., while methodological trustworthiness was enhanced through data triangulation and member checking. The findings revealed a hybrid governance structure in which vertical administrative coordination operated alongside horizontal stakeholder collaboration, with subdistrict and urban village heads serving as facilitators and intermediaries. However, stakeholder participation remained uneven across the five sectors. Community empowerment was most evident in the strengthening and supporting dimensions, whereas the protection dimension remained comparatively underdeveloped. Drawing on evidence from a densely developed national administrative center facing substantial land-use pressures, the study proposed the Collaborative Empowerment Toward Urban Farming Self-Reliance (PK-MKU) model. The proposed model emphasized that long-term sustainability depended on transforming external institutional support into independent community capabilities rather than merely increasing the volume of assistance. The study contributed an integrated analytical framework combining collaborative governance, the Penta Helix approach, and Suharto's 5P empowerment model. The findings suggested that local governments should strengthen the facilitative roles of subdistrict and urban village heads, improve community protection mechanisms, and adopt context-specific empowerment strategies to promote sustainable urban farming initiatives.
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